The City of Bristol's Backyard Vineyards: Foot-Stomping Fruit in Urban Gardens
Each quarter of an hour or so, an older diesel train pulls into a graffiti-covered stop. Nearby, a law enforcement alarm cuts through the almost continuous traffic drone. Daily travelers hurry past collapsing, ivy-draped fencing panels as rain clouds gather.
This is perhaps the least likely spot you expect to find a perfectly formed grape-growing plot. But James Bayliss-Smith has managed to 40 mature vines heavy with plump purplish berries on a sprawling allotment sandwiched between a row of 1930s houses and a commuter railway just above Bristol town centre.
"I've seen people hiding illegal substances or whatever in those bushes," says Bayliss-Smith. "Yet you just get on with it ... and continue caring for your grapevines."
Bayliss-Smith, forty-six, a documentary cameraman who runs a kombucha drinks business, is among several local vintner. He has organized a informal group of cultivators who make wine from several discreet city grape gardens tucked away in private yards and community plots throughout the city. It is sufficiently underground to possess an formal title yet, but the collective's WhatsApp group is called Vineyard Dreams.
City Vineyards Around the World
So far, the grower's allotment is the sole location listed in the Urban Vineyards Association's forthcoming global directory, which features better-known city vineyards such as the 1,800 vines on the hillsides of Paris's historic Montmartre neighbourhood and more than three thousand vines overlooking and within Turin. The Italian-based non-profit association is at the forefront of a initiative reviving urban grape cultivation in historic wine-producing countries, but has discovered them throughout the globe, including urban centers in East Asia, South Asia and Central Asia.
"Grape gardens help urban areas stay greener and ecologically varied. These spaces preserve open space from construction by establishing permanent, productive agricultural units inside cities," says the organization's leader.
Similar to other vintages, those produced in urban areas are a result of the soils the plants grow in, the unpredictability of the climate and the individuals who care for the grapes. "Each vintage embodies the beauty, community, landscape and heritage of a urban center," notes the spokesperson.
Mystery Eastern European Variety
Returning to the city, the grower is in a race against time to gather the vines he cultivated from a cutting abandoned in his garden by a Eastern European household. Should the rain comes, then the birds may take advantage to attack again. "Here we have the mystery Polish variety," he says, as he cleans bruised and mouldy berries from the shimmering bunches. "We don't really know their exact classification, but they're definitely disease-resistant. Unlike noble varieties – Burgundy grapes, white wine grapes and additional renowned European varieties – you don't have to spray them with chemicals ... this is possibly a unique cultivar that was developed by the Eastern Bloc."
Collective Activities Across Bristol
Additional participants of the group are additionally making the most of sunny interludes between showers of fall precipitation. On the terrace overlooking Bristol's glistening harbour, where medieval merchant vessels once bobbed with casks of wine from Europe and Spain, one cultivator is collecting her rondo grapes from approximately 50 vines. "I love the smell of the grapevines. The scent is so evocative," she says, pausing with a basket of grapes resting on her shoulder. "It recalls the fragrance of Provence when you roll down the car windows on holiday."
The humanitarian worker, 52, who has devoted more than 20 years working for charitable groups in war-torn regions, unexpectedly inherited the vineyard when she moved back to the United Kingdom from Kenya with her family in 2018. She experienced an overwhelming duty to maintain the vines in the yard of their new home. "This plot has already survived multiple proprietors," she explains. "I deeply appreciate the idea of natural stewardship – of handing this down to future caretakers so they keep cultivating from the soil."
Terraced Gardens and Traditional Winemaking
A short walk away, the final two members of the group are busily laboring on the steep inclines of the local river valley. One filmmaker has established more than 150 vines perched on terraces in her expansive property, which tumbles down towards the silty River Avon. "Visitors frequently express amazement," she says, indicating the tangled grape garden. "It's astonishing to them they are viewing rows of vines in a urban neighborhood."
Currently, the filmmaker, 60, is picking bunches of dusty purple dark berries from lines of plants arranged along the cliff-side with the assistance of her daughter, Luca. Scofield, a wildlife and conservation film-maker who has worked on Netflix's nature programming and television network's Gardeners' World, was inspired to plant grapes after seeing her neighbor's grapevines. She has learned that amateurs can produce interesting, pleasurable traditional vintage, which can sell for more than seven pounds a glass in the increasing quantity of wine bars focusing on minimal-intervention vintages. "It's just incredibly satisfying that you can truly make good, natural wine," she says. "It is quite fashionable, but really it's reviving an traditional method of making wine."
"During foot-stomping the fruit, all the natural microorganisms are released from the surfaces and enter the liquid," explains the winemaker, partially submerged in a container of small branches, pips and crimson juice. "That's how wines were made traditionally, but commercial producers introduce sulphur [dioxide] to eliminate the natural cultures and subsequently add a commercially produced yeast."
Challenging Conditions and Creative Approaches
A few doors down active senior another cultivator, who motivated Scofield to plant her grapevines, has gathered his companions to harvest Chardonnay grapes from one hundred vines he has laid out neatly across two terraces. The former teacher, a Lancashire-born PE teacher who worked at the local university cultivated an interest in wine on regular visits to Europe. However it is a challenge to grow this particular variety in the humidity of the valley, with temperature fluctuations moving through from the Bristol Channel. "I aimed to make Burgundian wines in this location, which is somewhat ambitious," admits the retiree with a smile. "This variety is late to ripen and very sensitive to mildew."
"My goal was creating Burgundian wines in this environment, which is a bit bonkers"
The temperamental local weather is not the only challenge faced by winegrowers. The gardener has had to install a barrier on